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Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University's objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide.

Print Price: $27.50

Format:
Paperback
352 pp.
6.125" x 9.25"

ISBN-13:
9780190068387

Publication date:
August 2019

Imprint: OUP US


The Icon Project

Architecture, Cities, and Capitalist Globalization

Leslie Sklair

In the last quarter century, a new form of iconic architecture has appeared throughout the world's major cities. Typically designed by globe-trotting "starchitects" or by a few large transnational architectural firms, these projects are almost always funded by the private sector in the service of private interests. Whereas in the past monumental architecture often had a strong public component, the urban ziggurats of today are emblems and conduits of capitalist globalization.

In The Icon Project, Leslie Sklair focuses on ways in which capitalist globalization is produced and represented all over the world, especially in globalizing cities. Sklair traces how the iconic buildings of our era-elaborate shopping malls, spectacular museums, and vast urban megaprojects - constitute the triumphal "Icon Project" of contemporary global capitalism, promoting increasing inequality and hyperconsumerism. Two of the most significant strains of iconic architecture - unique icons recognized as works of art, designed by the likes of Gehry, Foster, Koolhaas, and Hadid, as well as successful, derivative icons that copy elements of the starchitects' work - speak to the centrality of hyperconsumerism within contemporary capitalism. Along with explaining how the architecture industry organizes the social production and marketing of iconic structures, he also shows how corporations increasingly dominate the built environment and promote the trend towards globalizing, consumerist cities. The Icon Project, Sklair argues, is a weapon in the struggle to solidify capitalist hegemony as well as reinforce transnational capitalist control of where we live, what we consume, and how we think.

Readership : Architects; architectural historians; scholars and students in cultural studies, sociology, urban studies, business, media studies; general readers.

Reviews

  • "Leslie Sklair has produced an elegantly written, wide-ranging exploration of that over-used and under-examined totem of our times, the icon. The Icon Project deconstructs the seductive image of power that rises from the uneasy depths of transnational capitalism and global consumer culture to symbolize both modern desire and social control-this is a masterful work of political-economic critique and architectural analysis."

    --Sharon Zukin, author, Naked City: The Death and Life of Authentic Urban Places

  • "This book ought to be required reading for my generation. A great tough survey-crucially from outside the architectural world-which manages to show us the huge shiny, lumpen shape of the transnational development Utopia we've come to accept as inevitable. Most of all, it shows just how even the best architects and architecture have become 'enthusiastic partners' in the global project of turning the whole way we treat the world into a form of development opportunity and corporate entertainment. A gripping read, as well as a very, very scary one. There's never been a bigger need for architects to use all their other skills to think about how to design us out of this place."

    --Kester Rattenbury, Professor of Architecture, University of Westminster

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  • "Leslie Sklair's sociological perspective on iconic architecture surveys conditions under which it has emerged and the social and political demands to which it responds. This is a deeply informative account and at times a cautionary tale."

    --Denise Scott Brown, VSB Architects

INTRODUCTION
The argument
Sources
Structure of the book
1. ICONIC ARCHITECTURE AND CAPITALIST GLOBALIZATION
Architecture, Power, Aesthetics
The Icon: history and theory of an idea
Iconic for when
Iconic for whom
Iconic for where
2. TWO TYPES OF ICONIC ARCHITECTURE: UNIQUE AND TYPICAL
The rise of iconic architecture
Iconicity claims of top firms
Starchitects and signature architects
Architecture theme parks and other iconic projects
3. THE ARCHITECTURE INDUSTRY AND TYPICAL ICONS
The sociology of architecture
The architecture industry in the new millennium
Successful typical icons
Celebrity infrastructure
4. CORPORATE STARCHITECTS AND UNIQUE ICONS
Frank Lloyd Wright and the FLW industry
Le Corbusier and the Corb industry
The rise of the starchitects
Frank Gehry
Norman Foster
Rem Koolhaas
Zaha Hadid
5. THE POLITICS OF ICONIC ARCHITECTURE
Architectural iconicity and identities
Politics and the architecture of transnational social spaces
Iconic architecture in urban megaprojects
Paris
China
6. ARCHITECTS AS PROFESSIONALS AND IDEOLOGUES
The criticality debate
Third World Modernism and postcolonialisms
Postcolonialist understandings of architecture
Disney, China, and India
Sustainability, human rights, and the architect's place in society
7. ARCHITECTURE AND THE CULTURE-IDEOLOGY OF CONSUMERISM
Consumerist space in the city of capitalist globalization
Architecture, consumerism, and the media
Iconic architecture and shopping
Performance spaces
Displacement
8. ARCHITECTURE, CITIES AND ALTERNATIVE GLOBALIZATIONS
APPENDIX Interview codes
BIBLIOGRAPHY
INDEX

There are no Instructor/Student Resources available at this time.

Leslie Sklair is Professor Emeritus of Sociology at the London School of Economics. He worked in a cotton mill outside Glasgow for two years before going to university to study sociology and philosophy. Both experiences fostered a life-long interest in how capitalist society works in different ways for different groups of people. In particular his long-standing interest in architecture and cities sharpened his vision on the power of the built environment to shape our lives.

Making Sense - Margot Northey
Rule By Aesthetics - D. Asher Ghertner
Transforming Urban Transport - Edited by Diane E. Davis and Alan Altschuler
Memorials to Shattered Myths - Harriet F. Senie

Special Features

  • Argues that the almost exclusive focus of the media on iconic architecture and starchitects presents a misleading account of the industry.
  • Posits that iconic architecture at the city, national, and global scales is part of an ideological and cultural strategy.
  • Draws on a series of formal interviews with practicing architects and people working in and around architecture from all over the world.
  • Features the first attempt to establish empirically the structure of the architecture industry worldwide in the 21st century, using industry sources of data.