Chapter Weblinks
UNIT 1: New France
First Nations’ Perspectives
Page 5: First Nations’ Cultures- Applied History Research Group: Native Civilizations
First Nations cultures share a connection to the land, which they traditionally used for its resources. Maps on this site show where various First Nations cultures settled across North America, and how they adapted their ways of life to suit their immediate environments.
- First Nation Profiles
This site offers information on Aboriginal communities, past and present. Links to specific Aboriginal groups allow students a closer look at what is happening within these communities.
Oral and Written Histories
Page 9: First Nations’ Oral Histories- Civilzation.ca: First Peoples
The link to ‘Storytelling: the Art of Knowledge’ provides stories from various First Nations groups that have been passed down from generation to generation.
- Canada’s Digital Collections: Aboriginal Culture and Traditions – Storytelling
Oral histories were passed down through storytellers in Aboriginal Communities. Meet modern storytellers and read some of their stories.
Europe Looks West
Page 11: The Silk Road- The Silk Road: Linking Europe and Asia through Trade
A simple introduction to the long and compelling journey of this ancient trade route.
- The Silk Road: Trade, Travel, War and Faith
Step inside the British Library for an information-packed tour of the Silk Road. The site also includes a map.
Europe Looks West
Page 14: Colonization in Other Parts of the World- The European Voyages of Exploration: The Fifteenth and Sixteenth Centuries
A history of European expeditions and their attempt to claim land and build colonies all over the world.
- The Mariners’ Museum: Exploration Through the Ages
This site offers detailed information on the Age of Exploration, including detailed accounts of the lives of explorers and their voyages, ships they used, early methods of navigation, and the cultural exchange that took place as European nations expanded their empires.
Cartier Explores the Coast
Page 18: Cartier and His Voyages- Collections Canada: Passageways
Read about Jacques Cartier’s life and his voyages.
Acadia
Page 21: Life in Acadia- Virtual Museum of Canada: Acadia – Lifestyles in the Days of Our Ancestors
Step into everyday Acadian life in this virtual museum. Take a tour of a village, see everyday life, and play games.
Fast Forward: Mathieu da Costa Challenge
Page 22: Entering the Mathieu da Costa Challenge- Citizenship and Immigrations Canada: The Mathieu da Costa Challenge
Find out more about Mathieu da Costa and his voyages along the Atlantic coast of Canada.
- Da Costa 400: A Celebration of Black Canadian Heritage
Explore the site to learn about Mathieu da Costa, and some other important events of Canadian Black history.
Spotlight: Samuel de Champlain
Page 24: More on Champlain- Civilization.ca: The Explorers – Champlain
Read about Champlain’s life and voyages, and look at the maps provided to follow the routes he took.
- Historica: Champlain in Acadia
Find out about life in Acadia during Champlain’s time. This site also provides information on the lives of the First Nations peoples with whom Champlain and his crew interacted.
- Collections Canada: Pathfinders and Passageways – Champlain
Follow Champlain’s routes, and read about the ships he sailed, the crews that accompanied him, and the navigational techniques they used at the time.
The Fur Trade
Page 30: People’s Roles in the Fur Trade- Civilization.ca: The Fur Trade
A page that supplies several links on the different roles of First Nations’ and French people in the fur trade.
- Canadiana.org: Exploration – the Fur Trade and the Hudson’s Bay Company
Read about the growth of the fur trade and the eventual creation of Hudson’s Bay Company. Learn about the lives of coureurs de bois, and how they prepared beaver pelts for sale.
Monopoly in New France
Page 35: The Company of One Hundred Associates- Canada in the Making: Constitutional History
Discover the impact that the Company of One Hundred Associates had on the development of Canada.
- Pelletier Genealogy Homepage: Historical Perspective
Read about the formation of New France and the role “La Compagnie des Cents Associes” played in establishing a thriving fur trade.
Fast Forward: Today’s Fur Industry
Page 37: Pros and Cons about the Fur Trade Today- The Fur-Free Alliance
The latest news, laws, and campaigns for a fur-free world.
- The Fur Council of Canada
A site dedicated to the fur industry in Canada. Animal rights and conservation efforts help to show how the industry is trying to be responsible.
Missionaries to the First Nations
Page 38: Relations Between First Nations and Missionaries- Collections Canada: Exploration of Canada – Black Robes
This link explains who were the “Black Robes” and their role in developing the colony of New France.
- Archives of Ontario: French Ontario in the 17th and 18th Centuries – Making Contact
Discover how the French missionaries and First Nations people viewed each other upon first contact.
- Sainte Marie Among the Hurons
Visit the site of the reconstructed Jesuit Mission village in the country of the Wendat people.
The King’s Colony
Page 46: The Government of New France- Canada in the Making: New France
Read about the formation of New France, and the governmental structure that maintained order over the colony.
- The Canadian Encyclopedia: Government Buildings
See how the Canadian governmental buildings were designed in the early days of Canada. Watch their architectural progression over time.
The Great Peace of Montreal
Page 49: More on The Great Peace of Montreal- Vieux Montreal: Tour
Visit virtual old Montreal and see the site where the treaty of The Great Peace was signed.
- National Public Radio: Rediscovering “The Great Peace”
Read an article on the 200th anniversary (in 2001) of the signing of the treaty. See a slide show of artifacts from the era of that time.
The Beothuk
Page 54: Learn more about The Beothuk- Newfoundland and Labrador Heritage: The Beothuks
Read about the history, culture, transportation, language and way of life of the Beothuk. Don’t forget to click on “Fun and Games” to test your knowledge!
A Unique Society in North America
Page 59: The Seigneurial System- Civilization.ca: The Seigneurs
Who were the seigneurs, how was land distributed, what rights did people have, how did people make their income in New France? Find out the answers to these questions and more on this site.
- Daily Life in New France
Read about day-to-day life under the Seigneurial system.
- Google Maps: Montreal, Quebec
View this satellite image of the present-day Montreal area to see how the Seigneurial system of dividing land into strips can still be seen today.
Slavery in New France
Page 66: Learning from our Past: Marie-Joseph Angelique- Canadian Mysteries: Torture and Truth – Angelique and the Burning of Montreal
Play the role of detective and find out for yourself if Angelique got a fair trial.
Towns of New France
Page 70: Histories of Quebec, Montreal and Trois-Rivieres- Wikipedia: New France
Read about the large territory of New France, its organization into separate colonies, and its eventual takeover by Britain. - History and Heritage - A Brief History of the City of Québec
The Struggle for Canada
Page 84: The Seven Years’ War
- Virtual Museum: From the Warpath to the Plains of Abraham
Click on the “Let’s Play” icons to play games on this interactive site.
- The Seven Years’ War Website
Find articles on army life, biographies, uniforms, and even sound clips of music from the era.
- Canadian War Museum: Wars on Our Soil – Earliest Times to 1885
Read about the origins and consequences of the Seven Years’ War.
Click on the “Let’s Play” icons to play games on this interactive site.
Find articles on army life, biographies, uniforms, and even sound clips of music from the era.
Read about the origins and consequences of the Seven Years’ War.
The Great Deportation
Page 82 – Life in Acadia and the Great Deportation- Acadian Cultural Society
A page devoted to Acadian culture, the territory in which they lived before the Great Deportation, and where they went after the deportation. Includes a list of links to other sites on Acadian history and geneaology.
UNIT 2: British North America
The Royal Proclamation of 1763
Page 113: More on the Royal Proclamation- Indian and Northern Affairs Canada: The Royal Proclamation
Read more on what the proclamation outlined for the people of Canada.
Spotlight: Elizabeth Simcoe
Page 121: John Graves and Elizabeth Simcoe- Archives of Ontario: Travels with Elizabeth Simcoe
See the watercolour paintings of Elizabeth Simcoe, an accomplished artist, and her journal entries of her travels in Canada.
- Ontario Heritage Trust: John Graves Simcoe
Read about the life and legacy of Ontario’s first lieutenant governor, John Graves Simcoe.
Organizing the Land
Page 124: Land Organization and Life in Upper Canada- Canada in the Making: Post-Loyalist Settlement
Find out more about how land was divided into Clergy Reserves and Crown Reserves.
- Upper Canada Genealogy: Life In Upper Canada
Read about daily life in Upper Canada, as told by the people who once lived there.
- Upper Canada Village
Visit a re-creation of a pioneer village to learn about what life was like in Upper Canada.
The Anti-Slavery Act
Page 126: The Anti-Slavery Act- Niagara Falls Museum: Black History
Read about the history of slavery in Canada as well as the implications of the Anti-Slavery act spelled out.
- Library and Archives Canada: Anti-Slavery Movement in Canada
Photographs and documents portray the anti-slavery movement in Canada.
The Battle of Queenston Heights
Page 131: More on The Battle of Queenston Heights- Ontario Archives: 1812 – The Battle of Queenston Heights
See images of authentic documents from the battle and listen to an excerpt of a letter.
- General Brock.com: The Battle of Queenston Heights
Read about how the battle unfolded, the key players, and look at a map of the action.
Spotlight: Tecumseh
Page 132: Tecumseh- Historical Narratives of Early Canada: Tecumseh
Read about the importance of this Shawnee Chief. This site has samples of his actual words as well as some artwork from the era.
- The Wild West - Tecumseh
Learn about Tecumseh from the American perspective.
The War of 1812
Page 140: The War of 1812- Gala Film: The War of 1812
An interactive website of maps, people and places of importance in the War of 1812. You can also take on-line quizzes to test yourself.
- The War of 1812: The Western District
Visit this interactive activity site by the Windsor Public Library to learn more about the war fought in the western part of Ontario. Includes quizzes, games and some videos so you can interact with the information.
- The War of 1812 Website
Explore sound and video clips of the war, take quizzes, and watch animated battles.
The Underground Railroad
Page 147: The Underground Railroad- National Geographic: The Underground Railroad
To stay in captivity or to escape? Walk the path to freedom by following this interactive site, where each choice you make on the route of the Underground Railroad takes you in a different direction.
- The Underground Railroad: Niagara’s Freedom Trail
View historical archives of photos of important places of the railroad in Niagara. Test your knowledge with games and activities.
- Owen Sound’s Black History
Beyond written history, see maps of routes of the Underground Railroad, learn what the various quilt codes were, read the lyrics of songs with hidden meanings.
The First Reserves
Page 151: History of First Nations’ Reserves- The Canadian Encyclopedia: Indian Reserve – History
A short background on the development of reserves in Canada.
- A Brief Introduction to Aboriginal Law
Click on “Royal Proclamation” and “Reserve Land” to read the First Nation perspective on reserves.
- Indian and Northern Affairs Canada: Map Products
View a map to see the locations of First Nations reserves in Canada today.
UNIT 3: Conflict and Change
Fast Forward: The Governor General Today
Page 186: The Governor General’s website- Governor General of Canada
Enter this site to see all the activities the Governor General is involved in. Search for information on former Governor Generals of Canada. By clicking on ‘Contact Us,’ you can see where to address letters to the Governor General of Canada.
- Canadian Encyclopedia: Rideau Hall
Read about the history of the official residence of the Governor General.
The Battle of Toronto
Page 188: The Rebellion of Upper Canada- Canada in the Making: The Rebellions of 1837 and 1838
A site that explains the main events and rationale behind the rebellion.
- Canada – A People’s History: Clashes in Upper and Lower Canada
A description of some battles and skirmishes accompanied by scenes from the CBC series on Canada’s history.
Assessing the Rebellion
Page 200: The Rebellion of Lower Canada- The Canadian Encyclopedia: Rebellions of 1837
Read about the events leading up to the 1837 rebellions, and the impact that both rebellions had on Canada.
Responsible Government at Last
Page 210: More on Responsible Government- Historica Minutes: Building Democracy
View television reenactments of the events leading up to responsible government in Canada.
- Collections Canada: Canada’s Constitutional Evolution
Read about responsible government, then click on ‘Exhibition’ to go through various events in Canada’s constitutional history. Before you leave the site don’t forget to play the games to make all this information come to life.
- Canada in the Making: Union and Responsible Government
Find out what happened after the Rebellions of 1867 and how it led to Canada having responsible government.
Fast Forward: Canadian Government Today
Page 214: Various Federal Cabinet Positions- Office of the Prime Minister of Canada
See photos and biographies of our current federal cabinet ministers.
- Parliament of Canada
Browse this site to learn about Parliament past and present. Be up-to-date on the bills, committees, meetings and agendas of our MPs’ daily work.