Quiz for Chapter 13
Multiple Choice Questions
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1. The new bourgeoisie made natural allies of ________.
a) trade unionists
b) the middle class
c) the underclass
d) the petty bourgeoisie
Answer: D (Page 334)
2. Under Mao, a pre-revolutionary family class origin of propertylessness automatically made all family members ________.
a) black
b) white
c) red
d) bronze
Answer: C (Page 324)
3. Which group was rarely allowed to take on a cadre position?
a) workers
b) merchants
c) farmers
d) intellectuals
Answer: A (Page 325)
4. What did Kaufman argue was a process of social transformation?
a) intrapersonal negotiation
b) symbolic negotiation
c) intergroup negotiation
d) interpersonal negotiation
Answer: D (Page 326)
5. ________ is the local social world in which social actors are embedded and towards which they orient their actions?
a) Stage
b) Field
c) Local context
d) Social setting
Answer: B (Page 329)
True or False Questions
1. According to Bourdieu, all of the bourgeois habitus is permeated with forms and formalisms that are imposed on immediate appetites.
Answer: True (Page 337)
2. Bourdieu also found that eating habits and the taste for particular kinds of food were associated with a particular domestic economy and the division of labour between men and women.
Answer: True (Page 336)
3. Wright and his colleagues began with the basic Weberian premise that within any given mode of production there are polarizing class locations
Answer: False (Page 320)
4. Bourdieu characterized the young members of the bourgeoisie as a new middle class that grew up in response to a new economy in Europe.
Answer: True (Page 334)
5. Bourdieu used the concept of field to refer exclusively to the organizations involved in an area of social or cultural production
Answer: False (Page 329)
Fill in the Blank Questions
1. About one-quarter of the students Kaufman interviewed were engaged in a process that he labelled ________ completion
Answer: transformation (Page 326)
2. Individuals use ________ to set themselves apart from individuals whose values and actions are inconsistent with the social identity they are trying to achieve.
Answer: associational distancing (Page 326)
3. Bourdieu often discussed the production and reproduction of _________.
Answer: economic capital (Page 330)
4. Bourdieu focuses on the way in which differences in ________, or the choice of cultural practices and objects that people use in their daily lives, helps to establish class position.
Answer: taste (Page 332)
5. Bourdieu saw a division between the ________, who were high in economic capital but low in cultural capital, and the intellectuals, who were low in economic capital but high in cultural capital.
Answer: bourgeoisie (Page 333)
Short Answer Questions
1. Which fields operate in capitalist societies?
Answer: In contemporary capitalist societies, all four forms of capital—economic, cultural, social, and symbolic—operate in all fields.
2. Were the working-class students in Kaufman's study aware of the importance of self-presentation?
Answer: Kaufman found that the working-class students he interviewed were well aware of the need for successful self-presentation as a prerequisite for the efforts at constructing a new social identity
3. Why is habitus durable?
Answer: Habitus is durable because it is first instilled via early childhood socialization in a child's family and other primary groups.
4. How do schools exacerbate and multiply inequalities?
Answer: Schools exacerbate and multiply inequalities already established through primary socialization. They do this by transmitting knowledge in codes that are easily accessible only to those who already possess the kind of cultural capital that is needed to appropriate it
5. How did Bourdieu use the concept of 'field' to address structure and agency?
Answer: Bourdieu used the concept of field to refer to both the actors and the organizations involved in an area of social or cultural production, and to the dynamic relationships that exist among them.