Acknowledgements
Preface
Introduction: Who Is a Victim?
Definitions of Victim
Public Order Crimes
Definitions of Victimology
Organization of the Text
1. Understanding Victimology
Introduction
A Historic View of the Role of the Victim
The Victims' Movement
in Canada
Canadian Trends in Victimization
2. Measuring Victimization
Introduction
Types of Victims
Measuring Victimization
Surveys Examining Victims of Crime
Police Data Surveys
Non-Government Surveys
Differences in Measurement: Asking the Best Questions
Possible
3. Typologies of Victim-Victimizer Interaction
Introduction
The Early Victimologists
Criticism of Early Victimology Typologies
Victim Precipitation
Five Problems with Victim Precipitation
Victim Provocation, Victim Facilitation, and Victim Participation and/or
Co-operation
Criticisms of the New Terms
4. Criminological Theories and the Victim
Introduction
Theory and Perspective: Classical Criminology
The Criminal Event Perspective
Rational Choice Theories: The Transaction
Theory and Perspective: Positivist
Theories
Feminist/Critical Criminology
School of Thought: Social Reaction Theories - The Aftermath
5. Criminal Event: Homicide
Introduction
Definition of Homicide in Canada
Risk of Homicide Victimization in Canada
Gender and Homicide Victimization
Relationship between
Victim and Offender
Homicide among Youth
Aboriginal Peoples as Homicide Victims
Three Theories of Homicide
Multiple Homicide Victims
Secondary Victims of Homicide
6. Criminal Event: Sexual Assault
Introduction
A Brief History of Rape and Sexual Assault
Legal
Definitions of Sexual Assault
Sexual Assault Victimization Reported in the Canadian General Social Survey (GSS)
Reasons for Not Reporting Sexual Assault
Responses by the Criminal Justice System
Conflicting Prevention Advice to Potential Victims
Canadian Case Law Protecting the
Victim: R. v. Seaboyer and R. v. Gayme
Crisis Centres
Sexual Assault of Males
Can We Prevent Sexual Assault?
7. Criminal Event: Family Violence
Introduction
What Is Domestic/Family Violence?
Family Violence: Intimate Partner Violence (IPV)
IPV and the Conflict
Tactics Scale (CTS)
Child Witnesses to IPV and Other Forms of Family Violence
Intimate Terrorism
Motivation for IPV
The Law and IPV
Battered Woman Syndrome
Responses Options for Victims of Intimate Partner Violence
Effectiveness of the Options Offered by the Criminal
Justice System for IPV
Victims
The Role of Coercive Control
Other Forms of Family Violence - Children and Youth
Other Forms of Family Violence - The Elderly
The Role of Intersectionality
8. Criminal Event: Fraud and White-Collar Crime
Introduction
White-Collar
Victimization
Prevalence of Fraud Victimization
Difficulties in Measuring Fraud Victimization
Letter, Phone, and Internet Scams
Other Types of Scams
Why Do Victims Fall for these Scams?
Victim Recourse and Prevention
9. Issue: Aboriginal Peoples of Canada and
Victimization
Introduction
Aboriginal Peoples in Canada
The Development of the Residential School System
Victimization Trends among Aboriginal Peoples in Canada
The Victimization of Aboriginal Peoples in Canada
The Role of Risk Factors
Aboriginal Resilience
10. Issue:
Vulnerable Populations and Victimization
Introduction
Vulnerable Populations
Victimization of the Homeless
Residents of Total Institutions
Victimization of People with Disabilities
Reporting Victimization
Explaining High Rates of Victimization among Vulnerable
Populations
11. Issue: Bullying and Victimization in Public and Private Spaces over the Life Course
Introduction
The Criminal Event Perspective
Perceived and Actual Risk of Victimization over the Life Course
Victimization in the Private Sphere
Victimization in the Public
Sphere
Prevention
12. Aftermath: Victims in the Criminal Justice System
Introduction
Comparing Restorative and Retributive Systems
The Canadian Criminal Justice System
The Effectiveness of the Criminal Justice System
Victim Impact Statements
Victim Satisfaction with
the Criminal Justice System
Victim Services in Canada
Victim Restitution and Compensation
Restorative Justice Practice
Threats to Restorative Justice Practice
Effectiveness of Restorative Justice Programs for Victims
Restorative Justice and Secondary Victims of
Homicide
Acceptance of Restorative Justice in Canada
Criticisms of Restorative Justice Methods
Victims' Bill of Rights
Registering as a Victim with Corrections Canada
13. Aftermath: Resilience and Recovery
Introduction
Victimization and Secondary
Victimization
Reactions to Victimization: Fear
Reactions to Victimization: Stress
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
Developmental Trauma Disorder
Other After-Effects of Victimization
Support Networks and Secondary Victims of Crime
Recovery and
Resilience
Glossary
References
Index
Test Bank:
For each chapter:
- 20-25 multiple choice questions
- 10-15 true-or-false questions
- 5 short answer questions
- 1-2 essay questions
- Answer key with page references
E-Book (ISBN 9780199014644)
Hannah Scott is a Professor in the Faculty of Social Science and Humanities and a founding faculty member of the University of Ontario Institute of Technology (UOIT). She received her undergraduate degrees in psychology and sociology from McMaster University and her Master's in sociology from
the University of Guelph. Her Doctorate in sociology is from the University of Alberta and her specializations include victimology, statistics, homicide, and has recently been carrying out research projects with the Durham Drug Treatment and Mental Health Court. She has also a written in the area of
serial and mass murder. Hannah Scott has worked in the US and Canada on several inter-agency initiatives and served as Director of the Center for Evaluation and Survey Research (CESR) at UOIT. She is also the author of the SPSS Virtual Teaching Assistant published by OUP Canada.
Crime and Criminology - Rob White, Fiona Haines and Lauren Eisler
Crime in Canadian Context - William O'Grady
Criminal Violence - Marc Riedel and Wayne Welsh
Violence Against Women in Canada - Holly Johnson and Myrna Dawson
