The first lessons we learn in school can stay with us all our lives, but this was nowhere more true than in the last decades of the fourteenth century when grammar-school students were not only learning to read and write, but understanding, for the first time, that their mother tongue, English,
was grammatical. The efflorescence of Ricardian poetry was not a direct result of this change, but it was everywhere shaped by it. This book characterizes this close connection between literacy training and literature, as it is manifest in the fine and ambitious poetry by Gower, Langland and
Chaucer, at this transitional moment.
This is also a book about the way medieval training in grammar (or grammatica) shaped the poetic arts in the Middle Ages fully as much as rhetorical training. It answers the curious question of what language was used to teach Latin grammar to the
illiterate. It reveals, for the first time, what the surviving schoolbooks from the period actually contain. It describes what form a "grammar school" took in a period from which no school buildings or detailed descriptions survive. And it scrutinizes the processes of elementary learning with
sufficient care to show that, for the grown medieval schoolboy, well-learned books functioned, not only as a touchstone for wisdom, but as a knowledge so personal and familiar that it was equivalent to what we would now call "experience".
Introduction
1. The Language of Learning
2. The Ad Hoc Schoolroom
3. The Basic Grammars and the Grammar-School Style
4. Grammaticalization and Literary Form
5. The Basic Reading Texts and Literary Work
6. Equipment for Living
7. The Experience of Learning
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Christopher Cannon was educated at Harvard, and has taught at UCLA, Oxford, Cambridge and, now, at NYU. He has written books on the traditional nature of Chaucer's language, early Middle English and literary form, as well as a cultural history of Middle English. He has held several fellowships
from the UK's Arts and Humanities Research Council, a Guggenheim Memorial Foundation Fellowship, and he recently won the William Riley Parker Prize from the MLA. He is currently collaborating with James Simpson on a revised edition of the works of Geoffrey Chaucer for OUP.
Making Sense - Margot Northey and Joan McKibbin
Between Medieval Men - Dr. David Clark
The Familiar Enemy - Ardis Butterfield
