Higher Education

Canadian Democracy, Eighth Edition: Chapter 14

Instructions: For each question, click on the radio button beside your answer. When you have completed the entire quiz, click the Submit my answers button at the bottom of the page to receive your results.

Question 1:

At the time Canada’s first census, in 1871, Canadians of French origin comprised about ________ of the population.
a) one-fifth
b) one-quarter
c) one-third
d) one-half
e) one-eighth

Question 2:

The term “la revanche des berceaux” refers to ________.
a) the low birth rate among francophone Quebecers until the early 1960s
b) the high birth rate among francophone Quebecers until the early 1960s
c) the change in the birth rate among francophone Quebecers in the early 1960s
d) the contrasting birth rates between francophone Quebecers and anglophone Quebecers
e) the unchanged birth rate among Quebec residents since the early 1960s

Question 3:

The term “allophone” refers to ________.
a) a francophone who can speak English
b) an anglophone who can speak French
c) a person who can speak Spanish
d) a person who can speak Russian
e) a person whose first language is neither English nor French

Question 4:

Since 1901, the percentage of the Quebec population who speaks French at home has remained steady at about ________.
a) 90 per cent
b) 80 per cent
c) 70 per cent
d) 60 per cent
e) 50 per cent

Question 5:

Quebec’s share of Canada’s total population has fallen over the last two decades, from ________ 1971 to about ________ in 2013.
a) 39 per cent; 28 per cent
b) 44 per cent; 23 per cent
c) 28 per cent; 23 per cent
d) 20 per cent; 17 per cent
e) 18 per cent; 15 per cent

Question 6:

What Richard Joy calls the “bilingual belt” is ________.
a) the region of Quebec that runs along the St Lawrence River
b) New Brunswick and Quebec
c) the narrow region running from Moncton, NB, to Sault Ste Marie, ON
d) the narrow region running from Ottawa-Gatineau to Montreal
e) the Maritimes, Newfoundland and Labrador, Quebec, and Northern Ontario taken together

Question 7:

Roger Bernard of the University of Ottawa concluded that ________ have led to the collapse of francophone communities outside Quebec.
a) aging populations
b) low birth rates
c) marriages to non-francophones
d) French speakers left without a supportive social and economic milieu
e) all of the above

Question 8:

Almost ________ of all bilingual Canadians reside in Quebec.
a) 25 per cent
b) 40 per cent
c) 50 per cent
d) 60 per cent
e) 30 per cent

Question 9:

The following is not one of the factors that prevented francophone Canadians from succumbing to assimilationist pressures: ________.
a) French-Canadian demography
b) the policies of the British colonial authorities in New France
c) the threat of American manifest destiny
d) French-Canadian nationalism
e) all of the above were factors preventing francophone Canadians from succumbing to assimilationist pressures

Question 10:

The “unholy alliance” in French Canada consisted of ________.
a) allophone immigrants, anglophone capital, and the Liberal Party
b) the Parti Québécois, francophone capital, and Bill 101
c) the Catholic Church, francophone capital, and the Union Nationale party
d) the Catholic Church, anglophone capital, and the Union Nationale party
e) the Parti Québécois, anglophone capital, and the Liberal Party

Question 11:

The Quiet Revolution consisted of ________.
a) political and social changes that took place in Quebec during the 1960s
b) the violent overthrow of the Duplessis Union Nationale government in 1960
c) the non-violent coup of the Duplessis Union Nationale government in 1960
d) political and social changes that took place in English Canada in the 1960s
e) political and social changes that started in Quebec in the 1980s and continue today

Question 12:

The following was not one of the institutions that traditional French Canadian nationalism viewed as key to the survival of the French language and the Catholic religion: ________.
a) family
b) school
c) parish
d) the Quebec state
e) none of the above were key institutions

Question 13:

The Quiet Revolution included all of the following reforms, except ________.
a) the establishment of a provincial ministry of education
b) the establishment of the language police
c) the creation of Crown corporations like la Caisse de depot et placement
d) the passage of the Quebec Pension Plan
e) the nationalization of privately own hydroelectric companies

Question 14:

The major recommendation of the Gendron Commission, 1972, was that the provincial government of Quebec take action to ________.
a) promote the use of French in business and in the schools
b) target immigrants who are more likely to prefer adopting the French language
c) promote a higher birth rate among native-born French-speaking Quebecers
d) seek a new economic and political partnership with the rest of Canada
e) adopt sanctions against products and services coming from out of province

Question 15:

All of the following initiatives are consistent with what Raymond Berton refers to as the “Canadian symbolic order,” except ________.
a) a new flag
b) the proclamation of “O Canada” as the official national anthem
c) new designs for stamps and currency
d) neutralization of language in the names of some federal institutions, documents and celebrations
e) the increasing Americanization of the Canadian popular media

Question 16:

Among the main actions taken to increase the bilingual character of the federal bureaucracy has been ________.
a) language training for public servants
b) the designation of an increasing share of positions as bilingual
c) the creation of the National Capital region
d) all of the above
e) none of the above

Question 17:

Since the 1960s, the approach to language policy pursued by successive federal governments has been based on ________.
a) a conception of French and English Canada that cuts across provincial borders
b) the predominance of the English language throughout the country as a whole
c) the protection of the French language and the various languages of the First Nations people
d) respect for the different status accorded to French, English, and other languages in each province
e) a desire for English dominance

Question 18:

Social characteristics of the Quebec population that distinguish it from those of the other provinces include ________.
a) the Québécois marrying less often and later than other Canadians
b) the percentage of couples living in common-law relationships higher than in any other province
c) a greater percentage of children born outside of marriage than in other provinces
d) the percentage of Quebecers reporting single ethnic origins higher than among other Canadians
e) all of the above

Question 19:

The Calgary Declaration of 1997 was explicit in declaring that what is distinct about Quebec society is primarily its ________.
a) cultural heritage
b) ethnic makeup
c) linguistic character
d) all of the above
e) none of the above

Question 20:

A 2010 survey conducted for the pro-federalism think-tank The Federal Idea reported that ________ of Quebecers believed that the sovereignty debate was over.
a) 6 per cent
b) 32 per cent
c) 47 per cent
d) 58 per cent
e) 78 per cent

Question 21:

Roughly ________ of all Canadian francophones reside in Quebec.
a) 50 per cent
b) 75 per cent
c) 85 per cent
d) 90 per cent
e) 99 per cent

Question 22:

The 1991 Report of the Commission on the Political and Constitutional Future of Quebec argues that the Constitution Act of 1982 is based on certain principles fundamentally opposed to the recognition of Quebec as a distinct society, including ________.
a) the equality of the ten provinces of Canada
b) the equality of all Canadian citizens
c) the equality of all cultures and cultural origins in Canada
d) both a and b
e) all of the above

Question 23:

Following the 1995 Quebec referendum, the federal government ________.
a) affirmed the unity of Canada to the international community in an official statement at the United Nations and passed a motion recognizing Quebec as a distinct society
b) passed a motion recognizing Quebec as a distinct society and gave Quebec, Ontario, British Columbia, the Atlantic and Prairie provinces a veto over constitutional change
c) gave Quebec, Ontario, British Columbia, the Atlantic and Prairie provinces a veto over constitutional change and transferred full control over Quebec’s foreign affairs to its provincial government
d) transferred full control over Quebec’s foreign affairs to its provincial government
e) struck down a ruling on Quebec’s identity as a distinct society and passed motions to tighten control over Quebec’s legislative powers

Question 24:

A 2006 survey found that ________ of francophone Quebecers between the ages of 18 and 30 said that they felt “very attached to Canada.”
a) 19 per cent
b) 26 per cent
c) 48 per cent
d) 61 per cent
e) 74 per cent

Question 25:

In 2006, the House of Commons passed a resolution affirming that ________.
a) Quebec is a distinct society
b) Canada consists of ten equal provinces
c) Canada consists of two founding nations
d) the Québécois form a nation within a united Canada
e) Quebec comprises two societies, one anglophone and one francophone

Question 26:

Most of Quebec’s population increase is due to immigration, so the linguistic choices made by newcomers are crucial to the language balance in the province.
a) True
b) False

Question 27:

Since the 1960s, the sole reason for the rise in Quebec’s population has been an increasing birth rate among francophones.
a) True
b) False

Question 28:

As of the 1961 census, 46 per cent of foreign-born residents of Quebec spoke only French.
a) True
b) False

Question 29:

The rate of French language retention is high in all Canadian provinces.
a) True
b) False

Question 30:

The rate of language transfer to the dominant language group is greatest among younger generations.
a) True
b) False

Question 31:

The 2001 census showed that the francophone population in every province except Quebec and New Brunswick was younger than in Canada as a whole.
a) True
b) False

Question 32:

Receptive bilinguals are people who are capable of responding to French communications but do not themselves initiate conversations in French, consume French-language media, or seek out opportunities to live in their acquired second language.
a) True
b) False

Question 33:

Francophones have always controlled the economic decision-making and wealth of Quebec.
a) True
b) False

Question 34:

During the Quiet Revolution, the provincial state was seen as the moteur principal of Quebec’s attempt to modernize social and political institutions that were ill-suited to the urbanized, industrialized society that Quebec had become.
a) True
b) False

Question 35:

Marcel Rioux has characterized the traditional nationalism as an ideology of conflict.
a) True
b) False

Question 36:

In 1998, the Supreme Court ruled that Quebec’s ban of English-language public signs and advertisements did not violate the Charter of Rights and Freedoms.
a) True
b) False

Question 37:

Bilingualism is most likely to be required for public service positions in the National Capital Region (Ottawa–Gatineau), Quebec, and outside Canada.
a) True
b) False

Question 38:

Surveys carried out by the Commissioner of Official Languages between 2005 and 2011 found that francophone public servants were regularly required by their workplace circumstances to communicate in English.
a) True
b) False

Question 39:

Until 1985, religious rights cases were the only ones supported by Ottawa under its Court Challenges Program.
a) True
b) False

Question 40:

The demand for constitutional recognition of Quebec as a distinct society has been a non-negotiable item on the agenda of Quebec’s political elite since the late 1980s.
a) True
b) False