Instructions: For each question, click on the radio button beside your answer. When you have completed the entire quiz, click the “Submit my answers” button at the bottom of the page to receive your results.

Question 1:

Canada’s purchasing power parity is higher than that of ________.
a) France
b) Germany
c) Australia
d) Italy
e) Japan

Question 2:

According to economist Michael Spence, ________ is directly responsible for a lack of jobs in the American and Western economies.
a) globalization
b) oil shock
c) foreign exports
d) free trade
e) economic recession

Question 3:

In 2011, Canada’s wealthiest 20 per cent accounted for ________ of all income.
a) 15 per cent
b) 23 per cent
c) 32 per cent
d) 47 per cent
e) 58 per cent

Question 4:

Most of Canada’s workers are employed in the ________ sector.
a) manufacturing
b) construction
c) service
d) agricultural
e) mining

Question 5:

Most Canadians consider themselves to be ________.
a) lower class
b) lower middle class
c) middle class
d) upper middle class
e) upper class

Question 6:

In a 2013 survey, ________ of Canadians said that addressing income inequality was a very big problem.
a) 10 per cent
b) 20 per cent
c) 30 per cent
d) 40 per cent
e) 50 per cent

Question 7:

Low-income rates among working age main income recipients are highest for ________.
a) off-reserve Aboriginal people
b) lone parents
c) recent immigrants
d) people with disabilities
e) Canadians in general

Question 8:

Aboriginal people living on-reserve are more likely than those living off-reserve to ________.
a) complete high school
b) be unemployed
c) experience poverty
d) receive government transfers
e) all of the above

Question 9:

The ability of individuals, families, and groups to move from one social or economic position to another is known as ________.
a) horizontal mobility
b) vertical mobility
c) socio-economic mobility
d) systemic mobility
e) closing the gap

Question 10:

Of the factors that John Porter analyzed in The Vertical Mosaic, ________ appears to exert the most significant downward pull on mobility.
a) ethnicity
b) gender
c) race
d) family background
e) none of the above

Question 11:

The income of children in ________ is most highly correlated with the income of their parents.
a) Canada
b) France
c) Germany
d) Australia
e) the United Kingdom

Question 12:

________ explain(s) the underemployment and underutilization of highly skilled and highly educated immigrants.
a) Problems of assessing foreign credentials
b) Lack of Canadian work experience
c) Language and cultural barriers
d) All of the above
e) None of the above

Question 13:

Deliberate discrimination is ________.
a) the intent to treat members of a group in an unequal manner
b) more important in explaining inequality than choice, politics, and systemic discrimination
c) adheres in traditions, rules, and institutions that have the effect of favouring the members of one group over another
d) the most important factor in explaining inequality in Canada
e) a political matter

Question 14:

The belief that child-rearing is primary a female function is an example of ________.
a) choice-based discrimination
b) deliberate discrimination
c) systemic discrimination
d) politically-motivated discrimination
e) none of the above

Question 15:

Systemic discrimination is ________.
a) not inherent in traditions, rules, and customary practices
b) the intent to treat the members of a group in an unequal manner
c) without conscious individual intent
d) the prejudice that one person feels towards the members of some other group
e) all of the above

Question 16:

________ is an example of a choice that can contribute to inequality.
a) Location
b) Gender
c) Ethnicity
d) Age
e) All of the above

Question 17:

________ is the average number of years a person can expect to live in good health.
a) LICO
b) QOL
c) HALE
d) SEM
e) PPP

Question 18:

The “hidden homeless” ________.
a) sleep outside in alleys
b) stay in emergency shelters
c) migrate frequently from city to city
d) stay with friends or family
e) stay in women’s shelters

Question 20:

Compared to other groups, the QOL is sharply lower for ________.
a) young adults
b) Aboriginal Canadians
c) women
d) visible minorities
e) urban residents

Question 21:

Compared to other groups, Aboriginal Canadians tend to experience ________.
a) lower than average infant mortality rates
b) overcrowded living conditions on reserves
c) higher than average life expectancy
d) lower than average suicide rates
e) lower prevalence of alcoholism

Question 22:

The power to ________ was withheld from the Canadian government after Confederation in 1867.
a) amend the Constitution
b) enter into foreign treaties
c) interpret the Constitution
d) all of the above
e) none of the above

Question 23:

Canada is culturally dependent on the United States because of ________.
a) geographical proximity
b) a common language
c) shared values
d) foreign capital
e) all of the above

Question 24:

________ is the exception to the rule of American dominance in Canadian mass media.
a) Magazines
b) Films
c) Music
d) Video games
e) Newspapers

Question 25:

Canada is economically dependent on ________.
a) export markets
b) foreign sources of investment capital
c) imports
d) all of the above
e) none of the above

Question 26:

The average real purchasing power of Canadians was second lowest in the world for most of the last generation.
a) True
b) False

Question 27:

Economists agree that a shrinking manufacturing sector and greater reliance on service-sector employment is a bad thing.
a) True
b) False

Question 28:

Canada’s job creation rate has been one of the best in the developed world for over a decade and virtually all labour economists project that as the country’s population continues to age, the supply of workers, including those needed to fill highly skilled and well-paying jobs, will not meet the projected demand.
a) True
b) False

Question 29:

Canadians are not used to thinking of themselves and their society in terms of class.
a) True
b) False

Question 30:

Canada is fairly typical compared to the distribution of income in other advanced capitalist societies.
a) True
b) False

Question 31:

Inequality has a regional component in Canada.
a) True
b) False

Question 32:

Socio-economic mobility is the ability of individuals, families, and groups to move from one social or economic position to another.
a) True
b) False

Question 33:

Canada lags behind most other societies in terms of how quickly immigrants and their children are able to climb the socio-economic ladder.
a) True
b) False

Question 34:

The corporate elite operate as a social network that reproduces itself largely through self-recruitment.
a) True
b) False

Question 35:

Politics plays an important role in determining the inequalities that are addressed and dealt with in the public agenda.
a) True
b) False

Question 36:

Asking people how happy or satisfied they are is not a way of measuring the quality of life.
a) True
b) False

Question 37:

Aboriginal Canadians and single-parent families are disproportionately represented among food bank users.
a) True
b) False

Question 38:

Canada’s social pathologies are fairly typical of those experienced by other advanced industrial societies.
a) True
b) False

Question 39:

Many argue that the real limitations on Canadian independence are a result of Canada’s economic dependence on Great Britain and the United States.
a) True
b) False

Question 40:

All countries are subject to external influences that limit the independence of their elected governments.
a) True
b) False

Higher Education

Canadian Democracy, Eighth Edition: Chapter 3